In most golf tournaments, the field is cut at halfway - players who are not inside the cut line (typically tied-65th) do not play the weekend. Bookmakers allow you to wager on this, and you'll see tempting prices about the best players in the sport - a reflection of the fact that they do not miss many cuts.
Some punters consider the Masters as an opportunity to perm-up stronger players, as it is considered to be an easy cut to make. That's because the field size is reduced, and includes many older, former Masters winners who struggle to break 80.
By contrast, the Open and US Open, given their nature, sometimes attract bets on struggling, world-class players to miss the cut. One good example is Bubba Watson in the US Open - despite being among the world's top players for a decade now, he has missed more cuts than he's made in his national championship, yet typically starts odds-against in the 'to miss the cut' market.
The above term translates to 'before the off', and in essence means long-range or futures betting. For example, you can usually bet on the Masters 51 weeks before it begins, with markets going up immediately after the previous renewal.
This affords punters the opportunity to get on a player at a big price, even knowing that stakes are usually refunded if they do not qualify for the tournament. However, it's worth remembering that antepost each-way terms are far less generous than they will be during the week of the tournament.
Some bookmakers offer forecast betting - i.e. to predict the first and second. Common in racing, this is particularly difficult in golf where there is so much strength in depth, and much that can go wrong.
At the 2021 Genesis Invitational, a strong tournament, the shortest-priced dual forecast (i.e. first and second in any order) option was priced at 40/1, with straight forecasts (i.e. specifying the order) beginning at 110/1.
Bookmakers often price up the big names to shoot bogey-free rounds, particularly in majors. Note that this is especially difficult to achieve but you may find opportunities if the weather forecast suggests benign conditions.